【博雅】杜拉克論極權主義與社會拯救(彼得˙杜拉克)/(原文書)Drucker on Totalitarianism

     《杜拉克論極權主義與社會拯救》 杜拉克逃離極權統治並對抗極權主義，這個經歷貫穿了他的大部分著作，也深深滲入他的信念，包括對個人的賦權，以及組織具有道德責任需授權給各自領域內的個人。 這本精選集強調人的抉擇、尊嚴、自我價值等原則，以及在公平、公正的制度下，社會應該扮演何種角色，以達到這些目的。家父與邵明路先生正是基於這套共同的信念系統，在互敬互 重下，發展出溫馨的友誼。這份彼此滋養、維繫多年的情誼，一直到家父於2005 年過世才終止。這本精選集呈現家父諸多切合時宜的著述，也證明在他初次動筆寫作將近90 年後，在我們面對當今世界的若干關鍵情勢時，他的著作仍然適用。 本書的內容是從杜拉克的五本著作中選出的， 它們是《經濟人的終結》（The End of Economic Man）、《社會生態願景》（The Ecological Vision）、《明日的地標》（Landmarks of Tomorrow）、《旁觀者》（Adventures of A Bystander）和《正常運作的社會》（A Functioning Society）。我的工作只是把這些內容分門別類，放進共計九個章節裡，並為這些章節擬定標題和寫下相關的引言。杜拉克對於極權主義的反思和批判貫穿在他絕大多數著作中，但在上述五本書中算是比較集中和有系統的。他畢生對極權主義深惡痛絕，號稱「現代管理學之父」的他研究管理的目的，也只是因為有效管理的多元化社會組織，包括非營利機構、工商企業和政府機構，提供了另一種選擇或替代方案，得以遏止極權主義。 《Drucker on Totalitarianism and Salvation by Society》 PREFACE My father’s escape from—and opposition to—totalitarianism dominated much of his writing. It permeated his beliefs about the empowerment of individuals, and the moral responsibility of organizations to empower the individuals within their sphere. This collection emphasizes the principles of human choice, dignity; self-worth; and society’s role to achieve these ends, within a fair and equitable system. It was based on this shared belief system that my father and Ming Lo Shao developed a warm friendship—a friendship nurtured and maintained, with mutual respect, for many years until my father’s passing in 2005. This collection demonstrates the timeliness of my father’s writings, and their applicability to some of the critical situations facing our world today, almost 90 years after they were first penned. The Drucker family thanks Ming Lo Shao for his work in creating this anthology, and for his dedication to keeping Drucker’s writings alive and relevant for a new generation. Joan Drucker Winstein Denver, Colorado, USA August, 2020 TO OUR READERS I have long wanted to compile a volume that brings together Peter Drucker’s discourses on totalitarianism and salvation by society to make them easily accessible to readers. Now the work has finally been completed. The book is comprised of selections from five of Peter Drucker’s works, The End of Economic Man, The Ecological Vision, Landmarks of Tomorrow, Adventures of a Bystander, and A Functioning Society. My job was to sort the content into nine chapters, draw up titles, and write related introductions to the chapters. Drucker’s reflections on and critiques of totalitarianism run through most of his works, but they are more focused and systematic in the five books mentioned above. Known as “the father of modern management”,enterprises, and government agencies—could provide options

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