前言：當在下載影片時常會有許多版本標示著,而不知道那些是什麼意思,而我相信一定也有許多朋友在下載電影的時候 什麼槍版、TC、Scr、高清 認識網路所有下載影片格式 - 趣味新聞網

發表日期 2008-10-30T19:22:06+08:00

     前言：
當在下載影片時常會有許多版本標示著,而不知道那些是什麼意思,而我相信一定也有許多朋友在下載電影的時候，什麼槍版、TC、Scr、高清，往往被各種各樣的版本標識弄糊塗，今天把各種版本的縮寫收集在一起，供大傢參考。

PROPER:完整版
UNARATE:未刪節版
R_RATEE:有刪節版
WS:錶示寬屏版
FS:錶示全屏版
WITH EXTRAS:影片帶花絮版

WAF影片的代碼︰
We Are Family（我們是一傢人），是一個著名的韓國DVDRIP製作小組。
按照WAF的命名慣例，如果採用特殊版本的DVD做素材，一般都會在檔案名稱中標注齣來，具體位置在片名和年份之後，用2個或多個縮寫字符錶示。根據自己的理解，把常見的版本代碼整理羅列如下，供大傢參考︰

CC︰Criterion Collection-標準收藏版
CE︰Collector's Edition-收藏版
DC︰Director's Cuts-導演剪輯版
DE︰Director's Expanded Edition-導演擴展版
EE︰Extreme Edition-極限版 或︰
Extended Edition-加長版
LE︰Limited Edition-限量版
PE︰Platinum Edition-白金版
ReMaster︰數字修復版
SC︰Superbit Collection-超碼版
SE︰Special Edition-特彆版
UC︰Ultimate Collection-終極收藏版
UE︰Ultimate Edition-終極版
UNCUT︰未刪減版
UNRATED︰未定級版
還有幾個比較特彆的︰
NLPS︰New Line Platinum Series-新綫白金係列
OLV︰Original Length Version -原始片長版本

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1、HDTVrip 來源為HDTV（高清晰度數字電視），使用Xvid編碼，音頻為MP3，根據一集不同時長又分為不同容量︰175MB（30分鍾以內）、350MB（60分鍾以內）；最新又齣現瞭HRHD格式，容量為700MB，提升瞭比特率和分辨率，音頻為AC3 5.1

2、PDTVrip 來源為PDTV（普及型數字電視）,使用Xvid編碼，音頻為MP3，根據一集不同時長又分為不同容量︰175MB（30分鍾以內）、350MB（60分鍾以內），畫質介於HDTVrip與VCD-Qualityrip之間

3、VCD-Qualityrip 來源為普通類比電視，標準MPEG1編碼，根據一集不同時長又分為不同容量︰200-220MB（30分鍾以內）、420-430MB（60分鍾以內）

4、DSrip 來源為衛星電視，使用Xvid編碼，音頻為MP3，根據一集不同時長又分為不同容量︰175MB（30分鍾以內）、350MB（60分鍾以內），畫質介於HDTVrip與VCD-Qualityrip之間

5、DVDR/DVDrip 來源於正式發行的DVD，大部分熱播劇在播齣2-3季後，會齣DVD發行。一張DVD一般收錄2小時長的劇集，即4集（30分鍾以內）或2集（60分鍾以內）。DVDrip的容量根據一集不同時長又分為︰175MB（30分鍾以內）、350MB（60分鍾以內），或者700MB（音頻為AC3 5.1）

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CAM - 槍版
A cam is a theater rip usually done with a digital video camera. A mini tripod is sometimes used, but a lot of the time this wont be possible, so the camera make shake. Also seating placement isn’t always idle, and it might be filmed from an angle. If cropped properly, this is hard to tell unless there’s text on the screen, but a lot of times these are left with triangular borders on the top and bottom of the screen. Sound is taken from the onboard microphone of the camera, and especially in comedies, laughter can often be heard during the film. Due to these factors picture and sound quality are usually quite poor, but sometimes we’re lucky, and the theater will be fairly empty and a fairly clear signal will be heard.
CAM通常是用數碼攝像機從電影院盜錄。有時會使用小三角架，但大多數時候不可能使用，所以攝像機會抖動。同時由於放攝像機的座位並非總是空的，使得有時拍攝不是水準的。如果後期剪裁很好，這很難看齣，除非螢幕下方有字幕。由於聲音是從攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，所以經常會錄到觀眾的笑聲等聲音，尤其是諧劇片。因為這些原素，圖象和聲音質量通常都很差。但有時很幸運電影院相當空，這樣會錄到好一些的聲音。


TELESYNC (TS) -
A telesync is the same spec as a CAM except it uses an external audio source (most likely an audio jack in the chair for hard of hearing people). A direct audio source does not ensure a good quality audio source, as a lot of background noise can interfere. A lot of the times a telesync is filmed in an empty cinema or from the projection booth with a professional camera, giving a better picture quality. Quality ranges drastically, check the sample before downloading the full release. A high percentage of Telesyncs are CAMs that have been mislabeled.
除瞭使用外置的音源（一般是影院座椅上為聽力不好的人設的耳機孔），TELESYSNC(TS) 和CAM的標準是相同的。這個直接的音源並不能保證是好的音源，這是它因為受到很多背景噪音的乾擾。很多時候TS是在空的影院錄製，或是用專業攝像機在投影室錄製，所以圖象質量可能比CAM好。質量的起伏可能很大，在下載前最好檢視SAMPLE。很大比例 的TS是從CAM錯誤標記成。


TELECINE (TC) -
A telecine machine copies the film digitally from the reels. Sound and picture should be very good, but due to the equipment involved and cost telecines are fairly uncommon. Generally the film will be in
correct aspect ratio, although 4:3 telecines have existed. A great example is the JURASSIC PARK 3 TC done last year. TC should not be confused with TimeCode , which is a visible counter on screen throughout the film.
TELECINE (TC) 使用電視電影機從膠片直接數字拷貝，其圖象和聲音質量應該很好。但由於使用的設備和費用很高，TC很少見。通常會使用正確的高寬比，但有時也有4:3的TC。不應將TC和TimeCode(時間碼)混淆，時間碼是 一個在螢幕上可見的計數器。


SCREENER (SCR) -
A pre VHS tape, sent to rental stores, and various other places for promotional use. A screener is supplied on a VHS tape, and is usually in a 4:3 (full screen) a/r, although letterboxed screeners are sometimes found. The main draw back is a “ticker” (a message that scrolls past at the bottom of the screen, with the copyright and anti-copy telephone number). Also, if the tape contains any serial numbers, or any other markings that could lead to the source of the tape, these will have to be blocked, usually with a black mark over the section. This is sometimes only for a few seconds, but unfortunately on some copies this will last for the entire film, and some can be quite big. Depending on the equipment used, screener quality can range from excellent if done from a MASTER copy, to very poor if done on an old VHS recorder thru poor capture equipment on a copied tape. Most screeners are transferred to VCD, but a few attempts at SVCD have occurred, some looking better than others.
SCREENER(SCR)是在電影發行VHS錄象帶之前送到錄象齣租店及其他地方用做促銷目的。SCREENER使用VHS錄象帶，通常使用4:3（全屏）的高寬比，但有時也會有LETTERBOXED(1.85:1寬銀幕) SCREENER. 主要的缺點是有“TICKER”（在螢幕下方滾動的消息，包含版權和反盜版電話號碼）。同時，如果錄象帶包含任何序列號或可以導緻查齣錄象帶來源的記號，這些記號必須被遮掉，通常使用一個黑斑遮住上述部位。有時這些記號隻齣現幾秒鍾，有時也可能不幸在怎個電影中齣現，而且有時會很大。根據使用的設 備，SCREENER的質量可能是極好，如果是從原版拷貝；也可能很差，如果是從翻錄的拷貝錄製，同時又使用很爛的捕捉設備和錄象機。大多數的SCREENER被轉製成VCD，現下也齣現瞭SVCD；有些看起來比另一些好。


DVD-SCREENER (DVDscr) -
Same premise as a screener, but transferred off a DVD. Usually letterbox , but without the extras that a DVD retail would contain. The ticker is not usually in the black bars, and will disrupt the viewing. If the ripper has any skill, a DVDscr should be very good. Usually transferred to SVCD or DivX/XviD.
DVD-SCREENER(DVDscr)和SCREENER相似，但是從DVD轉製。通常是1.85:1寬銀幕，但是不包括零售版會有的花絮。TICKER經常不在黑邊裏，所以會影響觀看。如果轉製者稍有技術，DVDScr應該很好。通常被轉製成SVCD或Di vX/XviD。


DVDRip -
A copy of the final released DVD. If possible this is released PRE retail (for example, Star Wars episode 2) again, should be excellent quality. DVDrips are released in SVCD and DivX/XviD.
DVDRip是從最終版的DVD轉製。如果可能，應該是使用預售版（比如，星球大戰2）。質量應該很好。通常被發布成SVCD或DivX/XviD


VHSRip -
Transferred off a retail VHS, mainly skating/sports videos and *** releases.
VHSRip是從零售版VHS錄象帶轉製，主要是滑冰/體育內容和***發布。


TVRip -
TV episode that is either from Network (capped using digital cable/satellite boxes are preferable) or PRE-AIR from satellite feeds sending the program around to networks a few days earlier (do not contain “dogs” but sometimes have flickers etc) Some programs such as WWF Raw Is War contain extra parts, and the “dark matches” and camera/commentary tests are included on the rips. PDTV is capped from a digital TV PCI card, generally giving the best results, and groups tend to release in SVCD for these. VCD/SVCD/DivX/XviD rips are all supported by the TV scene.
從電視（最好是從數碼有綫電視/衛星電視捕捉）轉製的電視劇，或接收由衛星提前幾天嚮電視網傳送的預播節目（不包含加密但有時有雪花）。有些節目，比如WWF RAW IS WAR包含多餘的部分；”DARK MATCHES”和CAMERA/COMMENTARY測試被包含在TVRip裏。PDTV是從PCI數碼電視卡捕捉，通常效果最好；破解組織傾嚮於使用SVCD來發布。VCD/SVCD/DivX/XviD rips也都被用於發布TVRip。


WORKPRINT (WP) -
A workprint is a copy of the film that has not been finished. It can be missing scenes, music, and quality can range from excellent to very poor. Some WPs are very different from the final print (Men In Black is missing all the aliens, and has actors in their places) and others can contain extra scenes (Jay and Silent Bob) . WPs can be nice additions to the collection once a good quality final has been obtained.
WORKPRITN (WP)是從未完成的電影拷貝轉製而成，可能會缺失鏡頭和音樂。質量可能從最好到很差。有些WP可能和最終版本相差很遠。(MEN IN BLACK的WP丟失瞭所有的外星人，代之以演員)；另一些則包括多餘的鏡頭(Jay and Silent Bob). WPs可以作為有瞭好質量的最終版本後的附加收藏。


DivX Re-Enc -
A DivX re-enc is a film that has been taken from its original VCD source, and re-encoded into a small DivX file. Most commonly found on file sharers, these are usually labeled something like Film.Name.Group(1of2) etc. Common groups are SMR and TND. These aren’t really worth downloading, unless you’re that unsure about a film u only want a 200mb copy of it. Generally avoid.
DivXRe-Enc是從原始VCD發布用DivX編碼成的小一些的檔案。通常可在檔案共享網路找到。它們通常以Film.Name.Group(1of2)等形式命名。常見的發布組織有SMR和TND。這些版本通常不值得下載，除非你不清楚某部電影，隻想要200MB 的版本。一般應避免。


Watermarks -
A lot of films come from Asian Silvers/PDVD (see below) and these are tagged by the people responsible. Usually with a letter/initials or a little logo, generally in one of the corners. Most famous are the “Z” “A” and “Globe” watermarks.
很多從Asian Silvers/PDVD (參看下麵)來的電影帶有製作人的標記。通常是一個字母，名字縮寫或圖示，位於螢幕一角。最有名的是”Z”,”A”和”Globe”.


Asian Silvers / PDVD -
These are films put out by eastern bootleggers, and these are usually bought by some groups to put out as their own. Silvers are very cheap and easily available in a lot of countries, and its easy to put out a release, which is why there are so many in the scene at the moment, mainly from smaller groups who don’t last more than a few releases. PDVDs are the same thing pressed onto a DVD. They have removable subtitles, and the quality is usually better than the silvers. These are ripped like a normal DVD, but usually released as VCD.
Asian Silvers / PDVD是亞洲盜版商發行影片的，通常被一些發布組織購買來當做他們自己的發布。Silvers很便宜，在很多國傢都很容易找到。發布Silvers很容易，所以現下有很多發布，主要是由一些小的組織發布；這些組織通常發布幾個RELEASE後就不見瞭。 PDVD和Silver一樣，不過是壓在DVD上。PDVD通常有外掛字幕，質量也比Silver好。PDVD象普通的DVD一樣轉製，但通常用VCD的格式發布。


Scene Tags
發布檔案的標誌


PROPER -
Due to scene rules, whoever releases the first Telesync has won that race (for example). But if the quality of that release is fairly poor, if another group has another telesync (or the same source in higher quality) then the tag PROPER is added to the folder to avoid being duped. PROPER is the most subjective tag in the scene, and a lot of people will generally argue whether the PROPER is better than the original release. A lot of groups release PROPERS just out of desperation due to losing the race. A reason for the PROPER should always be included in the NFO.
根據發布規則，最先發布Telesync (TS)的組織贏得(TS發布的)比賽。但是，如果這個發布版本質量很差，同時另一組織有另一TS版本(或質量更好的同一片源)，那麼標記PROPER被加到目錄上以避免重復。PROPER是一個最主觀的標記，很多人會爭論是否PROPER比原始發布版本 好。很多發布組織隻不過因為輸掉瞭發布比賽而發布PROPER。發布PROPER的原因因該總是包含在NFO檔案裏。


SUBBED -
In the case of a VCD, if a release is subbed, it usually means it has hard encoded subtitles burnt throughout the movie. These are generally in malaysian/chinese/thai etc, and sometimes there are two different languages, which can take up quite a large amount of the screen. SVCD supports switch able subtitles, so some DVDRips are released with switch able subs. This will be mentioned in the NFO file if included.
對於VCD發布而言，SUBBED通常錶示字幕被壓進瞭電影。它們通常是馬來語/中文/泰文等，有時有兩種語言。它們可能佔據瞭很大一部分螢幕。SVCD支援外掛字幕，所以DVDRip用外掛字幕發布。這些訊息可以在NFO檔案中找到。


UNSUBBED -
When a film has had a subbed release in the past, an Unsubbed release may be released
當一部電影曾經發布過有字幕的SUBBED版本，沒字幕的UNSUBBED版本也可能發布。


LIMITED -
A limited movie means it has had a limited theater run, generally opening in less than 250 theaters, generally smaller films (such as art house films) are released as limited.
LIMITED電影指該電影隻在有限的電影院放映，通常少於250傢。通常較小的電影（比如藝術電影）的發行是LIMETED。


INTERNAL -
An internal release is done for several reasons. Classic DVD groups do a lot of .INTERNAL. releases, as they wont be dupe’d on it. Also lower quality theater rips are done INTERNAL so not to lower the reputation of the group, or due to the amount of rips done already. An INTERNAL release is available as normal on the groups affiliate sites, but they can’t be traded to other sites without request from the site ops. Some INTERNAL releases still trickle down to IRC/Newsgroups, it usually depends on the title and the popularity. Earlier in the year people referred to Centropy going “internal”. This meant the group were only releasing the movies to their members and site ops. This is in a different context to the usual definition.
INTERNAL發布有幾個原因。經典的DVD組織有很多.INTERNAL.發布版本，這樣不會引起混淆。同時，低質量的發布會加以INTERNAL標記，這樣不會降低發布組織的聲譽，或由於已經發布的數量。INTERNAL發布可以正常的在組織的會員 網站上獲取，但沒有其他網站管理員的要求它們不可以被交換到其他網站。一些TERNAL發布仍然流到IRC/NEWSGROUP，這通常取決於電影及其流行度。今年早些時候，人們把CENTROPY做為INTERNAL。這錶示發布組織隻嚮其會員和網站管理員發布。這和其通常意思不同。


STV -
Straight To Video. Was never released in theaters, and therefore a lot of sites do not allow these.
STV錶示電影從未在電影院放映過就被發布，因此很多望網站不允許STV。


ASPECT RATIO TAGS -
These are *WS* for widescreen (letterbox) and *FS* for Fullscreen.
*ws*錶示寬銀幕，*FS*錶示全螢幕。


RECODE -
A recode is a previously released version, usually filtered through TMPGenc to remove subtitles, fix color etc. Whilst they can look better, its not looked upon highly as groups are expected to obtain their own sources.
RECODE是以前已經發布過的版本，通常用TMPGenc編碼過濾以去除字幕，糾正顔色等。雖然它們看起來好一些，但通常不認為這是好的行為因為發布組織應該去找他們自己的片源。


REPACK -
If a group releases a bad rip, they will release a Repack which will fix the problems.
如果發布組織發布瞭一個壞的版本，他們會發布REPACK來解決這些問題。


NUKED -
A film can be nuked for various reasons. Individual sites will nuke for breaking their rules (such as “No Telesyncs”) but if the film has something extremely wrong with it (no soundtrack for 20mins, CD2 is incorrect film/game etc) then a global nuke will occur, and people trading it across sites will lose their credits. Nuked films can still reach other sources such as p2p/usenet, but its a good idea to check why it was nuked first in case. If a group realise there is something wrong, they can request a nuke.
一個發布可能因為多種原因被NUKE掉。有些網站會因為違犯他們的規則而NUKE發布(比如不允許發布TS版本)。但如果發布的版本有很大的問題(如20分鍾沒有聲音，CD2是錯誤的電影或遊戲)，那麼所有的網站都會NUKE這個發布。在這些網站上交換N UKED版本的人會失掉他們的信譽。但NUKED發布仍然可以透過P2P/USENET傳播，所以應該總是首先找到其被NUKE的原因以防萬一。如果發布組織發覺他們的發布有問題，他們可以要求NUKE。


NUKE REASONS :: this is a list of common reasons a film can be nuked for (generally DVDRip)
常見的NUKE原因(通常是DVDRIP)︰
** BAD A/R ** :: bad aspect ratio, ie people appear too fat/thin
錯誤的高寬比，即畫麵太胖或太瘦。
** BAD IVTC ** :: bad inverse telecine. process of converting framerates was incorrect.
錯誤的反轉電視電影TC。轉換禎頻不對。
** INTERLACED ** :: black lines on movement as the field order is incorrect.
移動的黑綫，由於field order不正確。


DUPE -
Dupe is quite simply, if something exists already, then theres no reason for it to exist again without proper reason.
DUPE很簡單。如果某個電影發布已有，那麼沒有閤適的理由就不因該允許它的存在。

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一.何謂H264?
H.264 是 ITU 和 ISO 聯閤組成的 JVT 發展的視訊壓縮法，這個壓縮法被閤併進 MPEG-4 標準，成為 MPEG-4 的一部份，是為 MPEG-4 part.10，又稱為 AVC，Advanced Video Coding，中文可能是翻成先進視訊壓縮法,所以它有好多個名字，從原本 ITU 發展時用的H.26L/H.264，到 MPEG-4 part.10，AVC....這就是為什麼NOKIA的官網裏頭有關H264的部份通常還會加上AVC瞭.

*補充1:
JVT就是JVT是Joint Video Team的簡稱，中文可以翻譯成聯閤視頻編碼組。JVT的組成成員主要 來自ISO/IEC組織的MPEG小組以及來自ITU組織的VCEG小組
*補充2:
ITU是International Telecommunication Union的簡稱，它是屬於聯閤國 (United Nations) 旗下的一個組織，總部設於瑞士日內瓦 ，它也是最早建立電信網路數位化標準的組織，目前也負責製定在Internet上許多通信標準化的作業。
*補充3:
ISO就是國際標準化組織（International Organization for Standardization，簡稱ISO）成立於1947年2月23日，是製作全世界工商業的國際標準組織,各國標準機構代錶的國際標準建立機構。該組織自我定義為非政府組織，官方語言是英語、法語、俄語。參加者包括各會員國的標準機構和主要公司。

二.H264的優點？
1.最多節省50%位元速率,相較於H263,在相同編碼器最佳化條件之下,H264最多可以節省50%位元速率,看看O大提供的H264測試影片就知道H264的優勢在哪裏瞭,換句話說,H264可以以1000Kbps達到2000Kbps的畫質,檔案大小至少省一半,達到畫質佳檔案小的境界。

2.高品質的視訊,無論位元速率的高低,H264皆能提供穩定一緻的良好視訊品質,所以就算隻有256Kbps,H264照樣給你不差的畫質。

3.抗錯性,H264提供多種必要工具,不但能處理封包網路的封包遺失,還能針對容易齣錯的無綫網路,處理其中可能齣現的位元錯誤。

4網路的友善性,透過網路的適應層(Network Adaptation Layer),H264位元串流很容易就能在不同網路上傳輸,這些優點讓H264成為許多應用的理想標準,所以知道為什麼MP4之所以會成為手機的影片標準格式之一瞭。

[ 本帖最後由 李斯特霍華 於 2008-10-31 00:20 編輯 ]

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